Will America Survive This?

A Cold-Eyed Assessment of Trump, Authoritarianism, and the Fight Over the Republic

Will America Survive This?

A Cold-Eyed Assessment of Trump, Authoritarianism, and the Fight Over the Republic

The Jack Hopkins Now Newsletter #689: Monday, December 15th, 2025.

Every generation gets its moment when the question stops being theoretical.

Not “Could democracy fail?”
But “Is it failing right now?”

For Americans living through the Trump era…and the increasingly explicit plans from groups like The Heritage Foundation…to reshape the country into something far less democratic…that question is no longer academic.

It’s visceral.

People feel it in their bodies.
In the courts.
In the media.
In the language being normalized.
In the way neighbors talk…or stop talking…to one another.

And underneath all of it sits the quiet…unsettling fear:

Are we watching the beginning of the end…or just another ugly chapter that we’ll eventually survive?

This article is an attempt to answer that question honestly…not emotionally…not ideologically…and not performatively.

Not with slogans.
With structure.

First: What This Article Is…And…What It Isn’t

This is not an argument that “everything is fine.”

It’s also not an argument that collapse is inevitable.

It is a probabilistic assessment, based on:

• Historical patterns

• Institutional behavior

• Public psychology

• Elite incentives

• Economic constraints

• Narrative dynamics

In other words: how authoritarian takeovers actually succeed or fail in the real world.

Because authoritarianism does not arrive on schedule…wearing a single uniform…or obeying Twitter/X timelines.

It advances…or stalls…based on systems…not personalities alone.

Trump matters.
The Heritage Foundation matters.
But they are not acting in a vacuum.

The Biggest Mistake People Make When Thinking About Authoritarianism

Most people imagine authoritarian takeover as a single moment:

• A coup

• A canceled election

• Tanks in the streets

• A sudden suspension of rights

That does happen…but it’s the exception…not the rule.

Much more often, authoritarianism arrives as:

• Selective enforcement of laws

• Politicized prosecutions

• Court capture over time

• Media intimidation

• Loyalty tests

• Administrative harassment

• Exhaustion

Not collapse.

Hollowing.

And that distinction matters…because the United States is far more vulnerable to erosion than to sudden overthrow.

The Five Variables That Decide Whether Democracies Survive

Every authoritarian push, across history, lives or dies on five interacting variables:

1. Institutional resilience

2. Elite compliance or resistance

3. Public legitimacy

4. Economic stability

5. Narrative control

Let’s talk about each…and what they say about America right now.

1. Institutional Resilience: Stronger Than It Looks, Weaker Than It Should Be

Here’s the uncomfortable truth:

U.S. institutions are far more resilient than pessimists claim…and far more damaged than optimists admit.

Both things are true at once.

Why resilience still matters

Despite years of sustained attack:

• Courts have repeatedly resisted overtly lawless demands

• Federalism fractures power across states and localities

• Elections remain decentralized and difficult to fully capture

• The military has shown strong resistance to domestic political use

• Bureaucratic inertia slows radical change

This isn’t virtue.

It’s design friction.

The American system was built to be inefficient…and inefficiency is kryptonite for rapid authoritarian consolidation.

Historically, successful takeovers require:

• Rapid institutional capture

• Or mass elite defection

The U.S. has seen neither at sufficient scale.

But here’s the danger

Institutions don’t need to collapse to fail.

They only need to:

• Be selectively enforced

• Be slow-walked

• Be intimidated

• Be hollowed out

• Lose public trust

And that process…is underway.

So the correct assessment is not “institutions will save us.”

It’s:

Institutions buy time…and time can be squandered.

2. Elite Compliance: The Real Battlefield

This is where authoritarianism is won or lost.

Not at rallies.
Not on social media.
But in boardrooms…chambers…agencies…and quiet conversations among people with leverage.

Authoritarian movements succeed when elites decide:

“Resistance is riskier than submission.”

So far…U.S. elites are deeply divided…not unified behind consolidation.

That’s crucial.

Yes…some:

• Align ideologically

• Seek advantage

• Fear retaliation

But many are:

• Risk-averse

• Status-protective

• Invested in global legitimacy

• Unwilling to gamble their institutions on one man or movement

That creates hesitation…not compliance.

And hesitation…kills authoritarian momentum.

History shows this clearly:

• When elites hedge…authoritarianism stalls

• When elites coordinate…authoritarianism accelerates

Right now…the U.S. is still in the hedging phase.

That favors survival…narrowly.

3. Public Psychology: Angry, Cynical, and Still Resistant to Domination

This part surprises people.

Yes, Americans are polarized.
Yes, trust is low.
Yes, anger is high.

But authoritarianism doesn’t thrive on anger alone.

It thrives on legitimacy.

Specifically:

• A majority willing to trade freedom…for order

• Or a majority willing to disengage…entirely

The U.S. public is neither…yet.

Americans:

• Distrust institutions

• Hate elites

• But still fiercely value personal autonomy

That creates a paradox:

• People want order

• But recoil from overt domination

That’s why authoritarian messaging keeps oscillating:

• Law and order

• Victimhood

• Revenge

• Protection

• Retribution

This inconsistency…is not a strength.

It’s a weakness.

Historically…authoritarian movements struggle in individualist societies…unless paired with catastrophic economic collapse.

Which brings us…to the real pivot point.

4. Economics: The Silent Decider

If there is one variable that could change this entire forecast…it’s this one.

Authoritarian consolidation becomes dramatically more likely when:

• Inflation spirals

• Mass unemployment hits

• Currency collapses

• Basic goods become unstable

Right now:

• Economic stress exists

• But systemic collapse…does not

As long as people can:

• Work

• Eat

• Move

• Consume

• Maintain some sense of future

Support for total authoritarian restructuring remains limited.

This is why economic crises…are so often the turning point historically.

Watch the economy…more than the rhetoric.

5. Narrative Control: Where Trumpism Is Structurally Weak

Here’s a brutal truth for authoritarian movements:

Eventually…they must stabilize.

Chaos works to break systems.
It does not work to govern them long-term.

Successful authoritarian regimes shift from:

• Outrage → boredom

• Crisis → ritual

• Spectacle → predictability

Trump-style authoritarianism…has not shown that capacity.

It feeds on:

• Constant escalation

• Loyalty tests

• Enemy creation

• Public spectacle

That energizes supporters…but…it also:

• Exhausts coalitions

• Fractures elites

• Creates internal purges

• Burns institutional bridges

Chaos is destabilizing…even for authoritarians.

That’s a structural weakness.

The Most Likely Failure Mode (And Why It’s Still Dangerous)

Here’s the part people miss.

The most likely outcome is not a clean dictatorship.

It’s something far messier:

• Politicized justice

• Selective enforcement

• Chilling effects

• Media intimidation

• Normalized lawlessness

• Public exhaustion

• “This is just how it is now” resignation

In other words:

Democratic hollowing…not democratic collapse.

That still damages lives.
It still corrodes trust.
It still takes decades to repair.

Survival…is not the same as victory.

Historical Parallels That Actually Fit

The U.S. is not tracking toward:

• Nazi Germany

• Stalinist Russia

• Franco’s Spain

It is closer to:

• Italy under Berlusconi

• Hungary under Orbán (with major differences)

• Early Erdoğan-era Turkey

In each case:

• Democracy degraded

• Resistance persisted

• Outcomes remained contested

That’s the danger zone.

So… Will America Survive?

If forced to make a hypothetical prediction right now, based on evidence rather than fear:

Yes…the United States is more likely than not to survive Trump’s authoritarian push and Heritage-style democratic erosion.

But…with scars.

Not because Americans are virtuous.
Not because institutions are noble.

But because:

• Power is fragmented

• Elites are divided

• Legitimacy is contested

• The economy hasn’t collapsed

• Authoritarian chaos undermines itself

History favors messy endurance…over clean takeover in societies like this.

The Conditional Warnings (These Matter)

This forecast changes if:

• Economic crisis hits hard and fast

• Courts are fully captured

• The military is politicized

• Elections lose credibility at scale

• Elite coordination shifts suddenly

Those…are the red lines.

It’s important to say this plainly.

Some of these pressures already exist…to a degree.

Economic stress is real. Courts…are under sustained attack. Election legitimacy…has been deliberately eroded. Political loyalty tests…have crept into places they don’t belong.

But…degree matters.

Authoritarian collapse is not triggered by strain.
It is triggered…by threshold crossings.

What we are seeing now is:

• Stress…not systemic economic failure

• Institutional pressure…not total capture

• Political signaling…not unified military alignment

• Delegitimization attempts…not nationwide electoral collapse

• Fragmented elite maneuvering…not coordinated surrender

Those distinctions are not comforting…but they are decisive.

History shows…that democracies can survive prolonged stress…as long as fractures remain incomplete…and power remains contested.

The danger…is not that these lines are being approached. The danger…is mistaking proximity…for inevitability…and surrendering psychologically…before the system actually breaks.

Crossing these red lines…would change the equation rapidly.
Hovering near them does not…yet.

The task, then…is not panic.
It’s vigilance.

Because erosion becomes collapse…only when pressure turns into alignment…and…thus far…alignment has not happened.

Not yet.

Democracy doesn’t usually die screaming.

It dies tired.

The fight ahead is not about panic.
It’s about endurance.
Attention.
Pressure.
Refusal to normalize…what shouldn’t be normal.

Survival is not automatic.

But neither is collapse.

History doesn’t reward despair…or denial.

It rewards people…who understand how power actually moves.

BONUS: Answers for Skeptics

1. “This sounds like cope. Authoritarianism is already here.”

Answer:

Authoritarian pressure is here. Full authoritarian consolidation…is not. Political scientists distinguish between erosion and capture.

The U.S. shows erosion indicators (norm-breaking, delegitimization) but lacks the alignment markers…that define completed takeovers; unified elites…captured courts… politicized security forces…and uncontested elections. Stress ≠ collapse.

2. “Didn’t people say the same thing in other countries right before democracy fell?”

Answer:

Yes…and those cases share a pattern the U.S. does not currently meet rapid…elite coordination…and economic collapse.

In Weimar Germany, Chile (1973), and Venezuela, institutional resistance collapsed quickly and decisively.

In the U.S….resistance has been uneven…but persistent…across courts…states…agencies… and civil society…which historically slows or blocks consolidation.

3. “You’re underestimating how captured the courts already are.”

Answer:

Courts can be ideologically skewed…without being operationally captured. Full capture means consistent…overt suspension of law…in favor of the regime across cases.

U.S. courts…including conservative ones…have repeatedly ruled against executive overreach. That friction is exactly…what captured systems lack.

4. “The Heritage Foundation already has a blueprint. That’s game over.”

Answer:

Authoritarian blueprints fail more often than they succeed…because implementation requires compliance…not paper. History is full of detailed plans that collapsed under institutional resistance…bureaucratic inertia…and elite fear. Plans matter, yes…but power alignment matters more.

5. “The military will follow orders. That’s how this ends.”

Answer:

Modern professional militaries…resist domestic political use…unless legitimacy is overwhelming or crisis is extreme. U.S. military leadership has consistently emphasized civilian neutrality and constitutional loyalty.

Comparative studies show coups and authoritarian consolidation...are far less likely in militaries with strong professional norms…and decentralized command structures.

Recent examples…such as the targeting of small boats in the Caribbean…have already illustrated how senior military leadership can be fired…sidelined…or reassigned after pushing back against civilian directives.

In several cases…that pushback has reportedly put them at odds with figures at the top of the civilian chain of command…including the Secretary of Defense.

The media often focuses on the firing, itself. The thing I’m optimistic about, is the disagreement and pushback that happened…prior to the firings.

6. “People are too exhausted to resist anything anymore.”

Answer:

Exhaustion reduces mobilization…not resistance. Behavioral research shows…people often disengage from mass protest…but continue institutional and micro-level resistance: courts…unions…states…elections…bureaucratic slowdown.

Authoritarianism fails…when resistance becomes quiet…distributed…and hard to suppress…which is exactly what exhaustion often produces.

7. “Elections are already meaningless.”

Answer:

Elections become meaningless…only when outcomes are both manipulated…and… broadly accepted as illegitimate or irrelevant.

In the U.S….elections remain decentralized…competitive…litigated…and consequential. Authoritarian systems require uncontested outcomes…not contested ones. Contested elections are a sign of stress..not surrender.

8. “This feels like false reassurance. Why not sound the alarm?”

Answer:

Because panic accelerates collapse. Behavioral studies show that perceived inevitability increases disengagement and compliance.

Accurate threat assessment, distinguishing danger from inevitability…increases adaptive response. Alarmism…without precision historically benefits authoritarians by exhausting and demoralizing opposition.

9. “People said ‘it can’t happen here’ before. Why trust that now?”

Answer:

This argument does not say “it can’t happen here.” It says “it doesn’t happen the same way everywhere.” Political failure is contextual.

The U.S. has unique friction points; federalism…scale…fragmented authority…that change probabilities. Rejecting inevitability is not denial…it’s strategic realism.

10. “So what…we just hope for the best?”

Answer:

No. Democracies survive through pressure…not hope. Research consistently shows that sustained…targeted pressure on institutions…courts…elections…media… bureaucracies…is what prevents consolidation.

Survival is not passive. It’s active containment…of alignment.

Authoritarianism doesn’t win by force alone.
It wins…when institutions fall quiet and people stop insisting on limits.

That silence…has not arrived.

The danger is real.
The outcome is not sealed.
And the moment this becomes inevitable…is the moment too many decide it already is.

#HoldFast

Back soon,

-Jack

P.S.
If you’re waiting for a moment when the danger is obvious enough that everyone agrees…you’ll wait too long. Democracies don’t vanish in darkness. They fade in daylight…while people argue about whether the sun is still shining.

Sources & Research Foundations

Authoritarianism, Democratic Backsliding & Institutional Erosion

• Levitsky, S., & Ziblatt, D. (2018). How Democracies Die. Crown.

• Bermeo, N. (2016). On Democratic Backsliding. Journal of Democracy.

Elite Behavior, Institutional Resistance & Power Fragmentation

• Acemoglu, D., & Robinson, J. (2012). Why Nations Fail. Crown.

• Linz, J. J., & Stepan, A. (1996). Problems of Democratic Transition and Consolidation. Johns Hopkins University Press.

Public Psychology, Legitimacy & Compliance

• Jost, J. T. (2020). A Theory of System Justification. Harvard University Press.

• Kahneman, D. (2011). Thinking, Fast and Slow. Farrar, Straus and Giroux.

Economic Stress & Political Instability

• Reinhart, C., & Rogoff, K. (2009). This Time Is Different. Princeton University Press.

• Rodrik, D. (2011). The Globalization Paradox. Oxford University Press.

Media, Narrative Control & Information Systems.

• Sunstein, C. R. (2017). #Republic. Princeton University Press.

• Bennett, W. L., & Livingston, S. (2018). The Disinformation Order. European Journal of Communication.

U.S. Institutional Structure & Federalism

• U.S. Constitution and amendments

• Congressional Research Service reports on executive authority, elections, and federalism

Behavioral Science & Crisis Response

• Masten, A. (2014). Ordinary Magic: Resilience in Development. Guilford Press.

• Bonanno, G. A. (2004). Loss, Trauma, and Human Resilience. American Psychologist.

This issue of the JHN newsletter draws on political science research…historical precedent…behavioral psychology...and comparative democratic analysis to assess risk…resilience..and realistic outcomes…rather than inevitability or denial.